The Second Crusade took place in 1147 and was the second major crusade. It began when the Country of Edessa fell the previous year. Edessa was one of the first of the Crusade states to be founded during the First Crusade and was also the first to fall. The Second Crusade was announced by Pope Eugene III, and was also the first crusade to be led by the European kings, with the help of many European nobles. The kings marched across Europe and were slowed down by the Byzantine Emperor; but after crossing Byzantine territory into Anatolia, both armies were defeated by the Seljuk Turks. The remaining army reached Jerusalem and in 1148 they attacked Damascus. The Second Crusade was a failure but a victory for the Muslims. This would lead to a Third Crusade near the end of the 12th century.